Detection of Viable but Nonculturable E. coli Induced by Low-Level Antimicrobials Using AI-Enabled Hyperspectral Microscopy
Rapid detection of bacterial pathogens is essential for food safety and public health, nitrile gloves in a bucket yet bacteria can evade detection by entering a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state under sublethal stress, such as antimicrobial residues.These bacteria remain active but undetectable by standard culture-based methods without extensiv